Page 68 - Enchiridion 4.0 program_EN

Strategic Partnerships for school education 2019-1-PL01-KA201-065137
Project: Teacher4.0 - comprehensive method of implementation of Industry 4.0
concept into didactic practice in primary and secondary schools

will lead to 'Technological Singularity', a situation where the development of technology will reach an
uncontrolled stage, resulting in an unimaginable change in human civilisation.

Figure 2: Artificial Intelligence based on Capabilities

Source: https://accilium.com/en/autonomous-driving-one-step-closer-to-artificial-intelligence

Type 2 – Based on Functionality:

Reactive Machine – Machines which operate based purely on the data they possess, taking into
account only the current situation. This type of artificial intelligence does not have the power of
memory and therefore is not able to use previously acquired information to obtain better results in
the future. Reactive machines are the oldest and most basic type of artificial intelligence. As an
example of this type of intelligence we can consider a chess supercomputer, which is famous for
defeating the international champion Garry Kasparov at the end of the 1990s. This computer has the
ability to recognize and move around the chessboard, so it chooses the best possible movement for
itself. However, it is not possible to learn from its previous moves.

Limited Memory – It is a type of Artificial Intelligence that has its own memory and can make
conscious and improved decisions by examining past data. This Artificial Intelligence has short-term
or temporary memory and can be used to store past experience and thus evaluate future actions.
Examples of this type of intelligence are self-driving cars, which have limited memory and use data
from the recent past to make immediate decisions. These cars store data such as GPS location, speed
of other cars, identification of civilians crossing the road, traffic lights, etc.

Theory of Mind – This is an advanced type of intelligence that is currently in the research phase and
its use is limited to research laboratories. According to scientists, this category of machines will play a
key role in psychology because it will focus mainly on emotional intelligence, so as to understand
human beliefs and thoughts. Based on understanding human minds, their emotions, etc. It will be

This project has been funded with support from the European
Commission. This communication reflects the views only of the
author, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any
use which may be made of the information contained therein.